Highlights in acute respiratory failure

Acute respiratory failure in asthma

A b st ra ct Although asthma is a condition that is managed in the outpatient setting in most patients, the poorly control­ led and severe cases pose a major challenge to the health-care team. Recognition of the more common insidious and the less common rapid onset “acute asphyxic” asthma are important. The intensivist needs to be familiar with the factors that denote severity of the exacerbati...

Predictive Factors of Acute Renal Failure in the Neonates with Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Background: Preterm birth occurs in a large number of pregnancies, and its incidence has been reported to be on the rise. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in the premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). The present study aimed to determine the predictive factors, clinical courses, and outcomes of AKI in the neonates with the clinical and radiological manifes...

Tracheostomy for acute respiratory failure.

Palytoxin-induced acute respiratory failure

Palytoxin is one of the most potent toxins known to mankind and poses a high risk to humans through ingestion, inhalation and dermal routes [1,2]. Although the exact mechanism of action is unknown it is postulated that palytoxin binds to the Na+/K + ATPase pump resulting in K+ efflux, Ca2+ influx and membrane depolarization leading to widespread secondary pharmacological actions [2]. Palytoxin ...

[Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Failure].

The non-invasive ventilation (NIV) is widespread in the clinical medicine and has attained meanwhile a high value in the clinical daily routine. The application of NIV reduces the length of ICU stay and hospitalization as well as mortality of patients with hypercapnic acute respiratory failure. Patients with acute respiratory failure in context of a cardiopulmonary edema should be treated in ad...